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WoRMS name details
original description
(of Bimeria franciscana Torrey, 1902) Torrey H.B. (1902). The Hydroida of the Pacific Coast of North America. <em>University of California Publications Zoology.</em> 1: 1-104, pls 1-11., available online at https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/29942277
page(s): 28, pl. 1 fig. 4 [details] 
context source (Introduced species)
Fofonoff, P.W.; Ruiz, G.M.; Steves, B.; Carlton, J.T. (2014). National Exotic Marine and Estuarine Species Information System (NEMESIS), available online at http://invasions.si.edu/nemesis [details]
context source (Schelde)
(2010). Bedreiging voor biodiversiteit. Indicatoren voor het Schelde-estuarium. <em>Opgemaakt in opdracht van Afdeling Maritieme Toegang, projectgroep EcoWaMorSe, Vlaams Nederlandse Scheldecommissie. VLIZ Information Sheets, 200. Vlaams Instituut voor de Zee (VLIZ): Oostende.</em> 7 pp. (look up in IMIS) [details]
context source (Hexacorallia)
Fautin, Daphne G. (2013). Hexacorallians of the World. (look up in IMIS) [details]
basis of record
van der Land, J.; Vervoort, W.; Cairns, S.D.; Schuchert, P. (2001). Hydrozoa, <B><I>in</I></B>: Costello, M.J. <i>et al.</i> (Ed.) (2001). <i>European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels,</i> 50: pp. 112-120 (look up in IMIS) [details]
additional source
Pollock, L.W. (1998). A practical guide to the marine animals of northeastern North America. Rutgers University Press. New Brunswick, New Jersey & London. 367 pp., available online at http://books.google.com/books?id=i1AmT31cuR4C [details]
additional source
Streftaris, N., A. Zenetos & E. Papathanassiou. (2005). Globalisation in marine ecosystems: the story of non-indigenous marine species across European seas. <em>Oceanogry and Marine Biology: an Annual Review.</em> 43: 419-453. (look up in IMIS) [details] Available for editors  [request]
additional source
Vervoort, W. (1964). Note on the distribution of Garveia franciscana (Torrey, and Cordylophora caspia (Pallas, 1771) in the Netherlands. <em>Zool. Meded., Leiden.</em> 39: 125-146., available online at http://dare.uva.nl/cgi/arno/show.cgi?fid=149663
page(s): 127 [details] Available for editors [request]
additional source
Zenetos, A.; Çinar, M.E.; Pancucci-Papadopoulou, M.A.; Harmelin, J.-G.; Furnari, G.; Andaloro, F.; Bellou, N.; Streftaris, N.; Zibrowius, H. (2005). Annotated list of marine alien species in the Mediterranean with records of the worst invasive species. <em>Mediterranean Marine Science.</em> 6 (2): 63-118., available online at https://www.researchgate.net/publication/273213810_Annotated_list_of_marine_alien_species_in_the_Mediterranean_with_records_of_the_worst_invasive_species [details] Available for editors [request]
additional source
Calder, D. R. and S. D. Cairns. 2009. Hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) of the Gulf of Mexico, Pp. 381–394 in Felder, D.L. and D.K. Camp (eds.), Gulf of Mexico–Origins, Waters, and Biota. Biodiversity. Texas A&M Press, College Station, Texas. [details]
additional source
Occhipinti-Ambrogi, A., A. Marchini, G. Cantone, A. Castelli, C. Chimenz, M. Cormaci, C. Froglia, G. Furnari, M.C. Gambi, G. Giaccone, A. Giangrande, C. Gravil, F. Mastrototaro, C. Mazziotti, L. Orsi-Relini & S. Piraino. (2010). Alien species along the Italian coasts: an overview. <em>Biological Invasions.</em> 13(1): 215-237., available online at https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-010-9803-y [details] Available for editors [request]
additional source
Liu, J.Y. [Ruiyu] (ed.). (2008). Checklist of marine biota of China seas. <em>China Science Press.</em> 1267 pp. (look up in IMIS) [details] Available for editors [request]
additional source
Zenetos, A.; Gofas, S.; Verlaque, M.; Cinar, M.; Garcia Raso, J.; Bianchi, C.; Morri, C.; Azzurro, E.; Bilecenoglu, M.; Froglia, C.; Siokou, I.; Violanti, D.; Sfriso, A.; San Martin, G.; Giangrande, A.; Katagan, T.; Ballesteros, E.; Ramos-Espla, A.; Mastrototaro, F.; Ocana, O.; Zingone, A.; Gambi, M.; Streftaris, N. (2010). Alien species in the Mediterranean Sea by 2010. A contribution to the application of European Union's Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD). Part I. Spatial distribution. <em>Mediterranean Marine Science.</em> 11(2): 381-493., available online at https://doi.org/10.12681/mms.87 [details]
additional source
Marchini, A., J. Ferrario, A. Sfriso & A. Occhipinti-Ambrogi. (2015). Current status and trends of biological invasions in the Lagoon of Venice, a hotspot of marine NIS introductions in the Mediterranean Sea. <em>Biological Invasions.</em> 17:2943–2962., available online at https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-015-0922-3 [details] Available for editors [request]
source of synonymy
Calder, D. R. (2019). On a collection of hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from the southwest coast of Florida, USA. <em>Zootaxa.</em> 4689(1): 1-141., available online at https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4689.1.1
page(s): 22 [details]
redescription
Schuchert, P. (2007). The European athecate hydroids and their medusae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria): Filifera part 2. <em>Revue suisse de Zoologie.</em> 114: 195-396., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/41281106 [details]
From editor or global species database
Alien species For the rope grass hydroid Garveia franciscana both its origins and how it got to Belgian regions remains uncertain. It is even possible that the hydroid is indigenous to the region but previously remained unnoticed. This polyp is consequently characterised as cryptogenic. The species is found predominantly in brackish water and is not found in Belgian seawater. The first observation in Belgium of the species was in 1962, in the Scheldt estuary. [details]
Introduced species remark The status of introduced species needs re-evaluation as the species has been synonymized with Calyptospadix cerulea Clarke, 1882 originating from the tropical NW Atlantic [details]
Type locality USA, California, San Fransisco, between tides. [details]From regional or thematic species database
Introduced species abundance in Adriatic Sea (IHO Sea Area) : abundant (Mizzan 1999) [details]
Introduced species abundance in Black Sea (IHO Sea Area) : widespread and abundant [details]
Introduced species abundance in Panamanian part of the Caribbean Sea (Marine Region) : Abundant in the Gatun Locks in 1924 [details]
Introduced species impact in Sea of Azov (IHO Sea Area) : Loss of aquaculture/commercial/recreational harvest or gain [details]
Introduced species impact in Ukraine (Nation) : Loss of aquaculture/commercial/recreational harvest or gain [details]
Introduced species remark In Sea of Azov (IHO Sea Area) : Fouling of power plants and other industrial water systems by G. franciscana has been reported from Chesapeake Bay (Cory 1967; Virginia Power 1992); Lake Maracaibo, Venezuela (de Rincon and Morris 2003); and the Sea of Azov, Ukraine (Simkina 1963; Simkina 1965). [details]
Introduced species remark In Ukraine (Nation) : Fouling of power plants and other industrial water systems by G. franciscana has been reported from Chesapeake Bay (Cory 1967; Virginia Power 1992); Lake Maracaibo, Venezuela (de Rincon and Morris 2003); and the Sea of Azov, Ukraine (Simkina 1963; Simkina 1965). [details]
Introduced species vector dispersal in Belgian part of the North Sea: Ships: accidental with ballast water, sea water systems, live wells or other deck basins [details]
Introduced species vector dispersal in Dutch part of the North Sea : Shipping [details]Unreviewed
Biology colonial [details]
Distribution Distribution extends northward of the subprovince of Carolinian, Cape Hatteras through Florida [details]
Distribution circum-(sub)tropical [details]
From editor or global species database
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Present