original descriptionAgardh, C.A. (1832). Conspectus Criticus Diatomacearum. Part 4. <em>Lundae. Litteris Berlingianis.</em> pp. 48-66.[details]
basis of recordRound, F.E.; Crawford, R.M.; Mann, D.G. (1990). The diatoms: biology and morphology of the genera. Cambridge University Press: London, UK. ISBN 0-521-363187. 747 pp. (look up in IMIS) [details]