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WoRMS taxon details
original description
(of Gymnodinium mikimotoi Miyake & Kominami ex Oda, 1935) Oda M. 1935. The red tide of <i>Gymnodinium mikimotoi</i> n.sp. (MS.) and the effect of altering copper sulphate to prevent the growth of it. Dobutsugaku Zasshi, Zoological Society of Japan 47 (555): 35-48. [details]
original description
(of Gymnodinium nagasakiense H.Takayama & M.Adachi, 1985) Takayama H. & Adachi R. 1984. <i>Gymnodinium nagasakiense</i> sp. nov., a red-tide forming dinophyte in the adjacent waters of Japan. Bull. Plankton Soc. Jap. 31: 7-14. [details]
taxonomy source
Hansen, G., Daugbjerg, N. & Henriksen, P. (2000). Comparative study of <i>Gymnodinium mikimotoi</i> and <i>Gymnodinium aureolum</i>, comb. nov. (=<i>Gyrodinium aureolum</i>) based on morphology, pigment composition, and molecular data. J. of Phycol. 36: 394-410. [details]
context source (Introduced species)
Katsanevakis, S.; Bogucarskis, K.; Gatto, F.; Vandekerkhove, J.; Deriu, I.; Cardoso A.S. (2012). Building the European Alien Species Information Network (EASIN): a novel approach for the exploration of distributed alien species data. <em>BioInvasions Records.</em> 1: 235-245., available online at http://easin.jrc.ec.europa.eu [details] Available for editors  [request]
context source (HKRMS)
Hodgkiss, I. J.; Chan, B. S. S. (1987). Phytoplankton dynamics in Tolo Harbour. <em>In: Morton B, editor. Asian Marine Biology 4.Hong Kong University Press, Hong Kong.</em> 103-112. [details]
context source (Schelde)
Maris, T.; Beauchard, O.; Van Damme, S.; Van den Bergh, E.; Wijnhoven, S.; Meire, P. (2013). Referentiematrices en Ecotoopoppervlaktes Annex bij de Evaluatiemethodiek Schelde-estuarium Studie naar “Ecotoopoppervlaktes en intactness index”. <em>Monitor Taskforce Publication Series, 2013-01. NIOZ: Yerseke.</em> 35 pp. (look up in IMIS) [details]
basis of record
Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. (2024). AlgaeBase. <em>World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway.</em> searched on YYYY-MM-DD., available online at http://www.algaebase.org [details]
additional source
Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. (2024). AlgaeBase. <em>World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway.</em> searched on YYYY-MM-DD., available online at http://www.algaebase.org [details]
additional source
Liu, J.Y. [Ruiyu] (ed.). (2008). Checklist of marine biota of China seas. <em>China Science Press.</em> 1267 pp. (look up in IMIS) [details] Available for editors [request]
additional source
Chang, F.H.; Charleston, W.A.G.; McKenna, P.B.; Clowes, C.D.; Wilson, G.J.; Broady, P.A. (2012). Phylum Myzozoa: dinoflagellates, perkinsids, ellobiopsids, sporozoans, in: Gordon, D.P. (Ed.) (2012). New Zealand inventory of biodiversity: 3. Kingdoms Bacteria, Protozoa, Chromista, Plantae, Fungi. pp. 175-216. [details]
additional source
Zenetos, A.; Meriç, E.; Verlaque, M.; Galli, P.; Boudouresque, C.-F.; Giangrande, A.; Cinar, M.; Bilecenoglu, M. (2008). Additions to the annotated list of marine alien biota in the Mediterranean with special emphasis on Foraminifera and Parasites. <em>Mediterranean Marine Science.</em> 9(1): 119-165., available online at https://doi.org/10.12681/mms.146 [details] Available for editors [request]
additional source
Tangen K. 1977. Blooms of <i>Gyrodinium aureolum</i> (Dinophyceae) in North European waters, accompanied by mortality in marine organisms. Sarsia 63: 123-133. [details]
additional source
Steidinger, K. A., M. A. Faust, and D. U. Hernández-Becerril. 2009. Dinoflagellates (Dinoflagellata) of the Gulf of Mexico, Pp. 131–154 in Felder, D.L. and D.K. Camp (eds.), Gulf of Mexico–Origins, Waters, and Biota. Biodiversity. Texas A&M Press, College [details]
additional source
Moestrup, Ø., Akselman, R., Cronberg, G., Elbraechter, M., Fraga, S., Halim, Y., Hansen, G., Hoppenrath, M., Larsen, J., Lundholm, N., Nguyen, L. N., Zingone, A. (Eds) (2009 onwards). IOC-UNESCO Taxonomic Reference List of Harmful Micro Algae., available online at http://www.marinespecies.org/HAB [details]
source of synonymy
Takayama H. & Adachi R. 1984. <i>Gymnodinium nagasakiense</i> sp. nov., a red-tide forming dinophyte in the adjacent waters of Japan. Bull. Plankton Soc. Jap. 31: 7-14. [details]
new combination reference
Daugbjerg, N.; Hansen, G.; Larsen, J.; Moestrup, O. (2000). Phylogeny of some of the major genera of dinoflagellates based on ultrastructure and partial LSU rDNA sequence data, including the erection of three new genera of unarmoured dinoflagellates. <em>Phycologia.</em> 39(4): 302-317., available online at https://doi.org/10.2216/i0031-8884-39-4-302.1 [details]
toxicology source
Gentien P. & Arzul G. 1990. Exotoxin production by <i>Gyrodinium</i> cf. <i>aureolum</i> (Dinophyceae). J. Mar. Biol. Ass. U.K. 70: 571-581. [details]
toxicology source
Satake, M., Shoji, M., Oshima, Y., Naoki, H., Fujita, T. & Yasumoto, T. (2002). Gymnocin-A, a cytotoxic polyether from the noxious red tide dinoflagellate, <i>Gymnodinium mikimotoi</i>. <em>Tetrahedr. Lett.</em> 43: 5829-5832. [details]
ecology source
Leles, S. G.; Mitra, A.; Flynn, K. J.; Tillmann, U.; Stoecker, D.; Jeong, H. J.; Burkholder, J.; Hansen, P. J.; Caron, D. A.; Glibert, P. M.; Hallegraeff, G.; Raven, J. A.; Sanders, R. W.; Zubkov, M. (2019). Sampling bias misrepresents the biogeographical significance of constitutive mixotrophs across global oceans. <em>Global Ecology and Biogeography.</em> 28(4): 418-428., available online at https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.12853 [details] Available for editors [request]
ecology source
Zhang, Q.; Yu, R.; Song, J.; Yan, T.; Wang, Y.; Zhou, M. (2011). Will harmful dinoflagellate Karenia mikimotoi grow phagotrophically?. <em>Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology.</em> 29(4), 849-859. [details]
ecology source
Mitra, A.; Caron, D. A.; Faure, E.; Flynn, K. J.; Leles, S. G.; Hansen, P. J.; McManus, G. B.; Not, F.; Do Rosario Gomes, H.; Santoferrara, L. F.; Stoecker, D. K.; Tillmann, U. (2023). The Mixoplankton Database (MDB): Diversity of photo‐phago‐trophic plankton in form, function, and distribution across the global ocean. <em>Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology.</em> 70(4)., available online at https://doi.org/10.1111/jeu.12972 [details] 
From editor or global species database
LSID urn:lsid:algaebase.org:taxname:50158 [details]From regional or thematic species database
Description Cell size: 18–37 μm long, 14–35 μm wide, broadly oval and very dorso-ventrally flattened. ‘Small’ and ‘big’ cells occurring at the same time. Epicone sub-hemispherical to broadly conical, hypocone slightly bilobed. Cingulum slightly pre-median and displaced 1/9 to 1/4 of the cell length. Sulcus slightly invading epicone and widening toward the antapex. Ten to twenty chloroplasts, brown-yellow in colour are scattered to the cell periphery. Nucleus ellipsoidal to reniform, located in the hypocone left lobe. Apical groove thick, extending 1/3 down the dorsal side of the epicone (Fukuyo et al., 1990). In 1965 during toxic blooms in Japan Karenia mikimotoi was first called Gymnodinium type ‘65’. It was later renamed Gymnodinium nagasakiense until the genus Karenia was erected (Hansen et al., 2000; Partensky et al., 1988; Takayama and Adachi, 1984). From Lassus et al. 2016. [details]
Harmful effect Fish and invertebrate mortality. Cytotoxic polyethers, named Gymnocin-A and Gymnocin-B, have been isolated from Japanese cultured material [details]
Introduced species impact Chinese part of the Eastern Chinese Sea(Marine Region) Other impact - undefined or uncertain (Bloom forming) [details]
Introduced species vector dispersal in Germany (Nation) : Shipping [details]
Introduced species vector dispersal in Norwegian part of the Skagerrak (Marine Region) : Shipping [details]
Introduced species vector dispersal Chinese part of the Eastern Chinese Sea(Marine Region) Ships: General [details]
status Until very recently this species has been confused with the non-toxic species Gymnodinium aureolum (syn.: Gyrodinium aureolum). [details]
| Language | Name | |
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Japanese |
アカシオハダカオビムシ [from synonym] |
[details] |
Published in AlgaeBase  (from synonym Gymnodinium mikimotoi Miyake & Kominami ex Oda, 1935)
Published in AlgaeBase
Published in AlgaeBase (from synonym Gyrodinium nagasakiense Takayama & Adachi, 1984)
Published in AlgaeBase (from synonym Gymnodinium nagasakiense H.Takayama & M.Adachi, 1985)
To Barcode of Life (from synonym Gymnodinium nagasakiense H.Takayama & M.Adachi, 1985)
To Barcode of Life (2 barcodes)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (4 publications) (from synonym Gymnodinium nagasakiense H.Takayama & M.Adachi, 1985)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (7 publications) (from synonym Gymnodinium mikimotoi Miyake & Kominami ex Oda, 1935)
To Biological Information System for Marine Life (BISMaL) (from synonym Gymnodinium mikimotoi Miyake & Kominami ex Oda, 1935)
To Dyntaxa
To European Nucleotide Archive, ENA (Gymnodinium nagasakiense) (from synonym Gymnodinium nagasakiense H.Takayama & M.Adachi, 1985)
To European Nucleotide Archive, ENA (Karenia mikimotoi)
To GenBank (1 nucleotides; 0 proteins) (from synonym Gymnodinium nagasakiense H.Takayama & M.Adachi, 1985)
To GenBank (439 nucleotides; 360 proteins)
To GenBank (439 nucleotides; 360 proteins) (from synonym Gymnodinium mikimotoi Miyake & Kominami ex Oda, 1935)
To Information system on Aquatic Non-Indigenous and Cryptogenic Species (AquaNIS)
To PESI
To PESI (from synonym Gymnodinium mikimotoi Miyake & Kominami ex Oda, 1935)
From editor or global species database
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Present 