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WoRMS taxon details
original description
Huys, R. (2009). Unresolved cases of type fixation, synonymy and homonymy in harpacticoid copepod nomenclature (Crustacea: Copepoda). <em>Zootaxa.</em> 2183:1-99., available online at http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/2009/2/zt02183p099.pdf [details] Available for editors  [request]
original description
(of Scottolana Por, 1967) Por, F.D. (1967). Level bottom Harpacticoida (Crustacea, Copepoda) from Elat (Red Sea. <em>Israel Journal of Zoology.</em> 16: 101-165. [details] Available for editors [request]
basis of record
Huys, R. (2001). Copepoda - Harpacticoida. <em>In: Costello, M.J. et al. (eds.) European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels.</em> 50:268-280. (look up in IMIS) [details] Available for editors [request]
additional source
Bodin, P. (1997). Catalogue of the new marine Harpacticoid Copepods. <em>Studiedocumenten van het K.B.I.N. = Documents de Travail de l'I.R.Sc.N.B., 89. Koninklijk Belgisch Instituut voor Natuurwetenschappen: Brussels, Belgium.</em> 89: 1-304. (look up in IMIS) [details] Available for editors [request]
From editor or global species database
Taxonomy Por (1967: 105) proposed the genus Scottolana to accommodate three species that had originally been placed in the genus Sunaristes Hesse, 1867: Sunaristes inopinata Thompson & Scott, 1903; S. longipes Thompson & Scott, 1903; and S. bulbosus Por, 1964a. He also considered Canuella scotti Sewell, 1940 and Sunaristes curticaudata Thompson & Scott, 1903 as potential candidate members of the genus. Subsequently, Coull (1972: 209) added Canuella canadensis Willey, 1923 and Wells (1976: 18) assigned Canuella bulbifera Chislenko, 1971 to Scottolana without making a firm recommendation for this placement. In a later review of the Canuellidae, Por (1984: 14) restricted the genus – which he puzzlingly cited as a ‘new combination’ – to just two species, Scottolana longipes (Thompson & Scott, 1903) and S. uxoris Por, 1983a, and maintained Canuella scotti as a candidate member for inclusion. He provisionally reassigned Scottolana bulbosa (Por, 1964a) to Sunaristes, proposed a new genus Coullana Por, 1984 for S. canadensis (Willey, 1923), and regarded the status of both S. curticaudata (Thompson & Scott, 1903) and S. inopinata (Thompson & Scott, 1903) as too problematic for further consideration. The genus currently includes 14 species (Mu & Huys 2004; Wells 2007).
Por (1967) did not designate a type species for the genus Scottolana, nor has any subsequent author done so. Apart from the fact that the lack of a formal type fixation made his genus-group name unavailable, it is also clear that his diagnosis of the genus did not satisfy the provisions of ICZN Art. 13.1.1. Por’s (1967: 105) definition of the genus (“... these species in which the first leg-bearing segment can be fused to the cephalothorax can be best characterized by the reduction of the armature of P IV while the other legs have still the usual armature of Canuella”) is very uninformative, to the extent that no positive assignment of a species to this genus can be made, and no characters are given that can unequivocally differentiate the genus from other taxa in the Canuellidae. Mu and Huys (2004: 2) mentioned that an application (Case 3218) had been submitted to the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, proposing the conservation of the generic name Scottolana Por, 1967 and the fixation of Sunaristes bulbosus Por, 1964a as type species. However, since the latter was selected on the erroneous ground that it had to be one of the originally included nominal species to be eligible for type fixation (ICZN Art. 69.2 is obviously not applicable to unavailable names; see also Art. 67.2.1), the application was subsequently withdrawn.
Given the artificial species composition of the genus Scottolana, an objective standard of reference for the application of the name is highly desirable, yet difficult to define (Mu & Huys 2004). In the interest of nomenclatural stability the generic name Scottolana (gender: feminine) is re-established here as intentionally new (ICZN Art. 16.1), taking the authorship and date of the present paper. Scottolana geei Mu & Huys, 2004 [= Scottolana geei (Mu & Huys, 2004) comb. nov.] is formally fixed as the type species (ICZN Art. 13.3), being representative of a core group of species referred to as the longipes-group (Mu & Huys 2004: 33). This group includes S. longipes (Thompson & Scott, 1903), S. longipes (Thompson & Scott, 1903) sensu Por (1964a), S. longipes (Thompson & Scott, 1903) sensu Wells (1967), S. dissimilis Fiers, 1982, S. uxoris Por, 1983a and S. longipes (Thompson Scott, 1903) sensu Wells and Rao (1987), and is characterized by at leat six apomorphies (Mu & Huys 2004: 33). In order to satisfy the provisions of ICZN Art. 13.1 a generic diagnosis is given below: [details]
Taxonomy Canuellidae. Leg 1-bearing somite not fused to cephalosome. Rostrum elongate. Urosome without distinct spinule rows; hyaline frills plain. Genital double-somite of female with subcuticular ribs laterally. Female genital field large; copulatory pores posteriorly displaced and covered by flaps with free lateral margins; gonopores covered by opercula with one seta. Anal somite with weakly developed operculum. Caudal rami usually sexually dimorphic.
Antennule haplocer in male. Antennary exopod 8- or 9-segmented, as long as endopod, setae plumose or pinnate; endopod distinctly or indistinctly 3-segmented. Mandibular exopod 3-segmented or (indistinctly) 4- segmented. Maxillule with 2 setae on coxal epipodite.
Legs 1–4 with 3-segmented rami. Coxae of legs 1–3 (and sometimes leg 4) with inner seta or spine. Leg 2 enp-1 with apophysis fitting into groove with bordering spinule rows on enp-2. Leg 4 endopod longer than exopod. Sometimes with sexual dimorphism on leg 3 enp-3 or leg 4 exopod. Setal formulae of swimming legs
as follows:
Leg 1 Leg 2 Leg 3 Leg 4
Exopod Endopod 0.1.313 1.1.222 0.1.322 1.1.221 0.1.122 1.1.121 0.1.121 1.0.121
Leg 5 with 4 setae in both sexes. Male leg 6 large and complex; each produced into large spinous process bearing short naked seta on ventral surface; additional element arising from inner proximal part of P6, fused at base, very long. First abdominal somite of male with midventral spinulose ridge.
The genus Scottolana includes the following new combinations: Sunaristes inopinata Thompson & Scott, 1903 = Scottolana inopinata (Thompson & Scott, 1903) comb. nov.; Sunaristes longipes Thompson & Scott, 1903 = Scottolana longipes (Thompson & Scott, 1903) comb. nov.; Canuella scotti Sewell, 1940 = Scottolana scotti (Sewell, 1940) comb. nov.; Sunaristes bulbosus Por, 1964a = Scottolana bulbosa (Por, 1964a) comb. nov.; Canuella brevifurca Wells, 1967 = Scottolana brevifurca (Wells, 1967) comb. nov.; Canuella bulbifera Chislenko, 1971 = Scottolana bulbifera (Chislenko, 1971) comb. nov.; Scottolana dissimilis Fiers, 1982 = S. dissimilis (Fiers, 1982) comb. nov.; Scottolana glabra Fiers, 1982 = S. glabra (Fiers, 1982) comb. nov.; Scottolana uxoris Por, 1983a = S. uxoris (Por, 1983a) comb. nov.; Scottolana antillensis Fiers, 1984 = S. antillensis (Fiers, 1984) comb. nov.; Scottolana oleosa Wells & Rao, 1987 = S. oleosa (Wells & Rao, 1987) [details]
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