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Hou, Z.; Sket, B. (2016). A review of Gammaridae (Crustacea: Amphipoda): the family extent, its evolutionary history, and taxonomic redefinition of genera. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 176(2): 323-348.
201169
10.1111/zoj.12318 [view]
Hou, Z.; Sket, B.
2016
A review of Gammaridae (Crustacea: Amphipoda): the family extent, its evolutionary history, and taxonomic redefinition of genera
Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society
176(2): 323-348
Publication
Available for editors  PDF available
By molecular analysis of a high number of gammarids, including 29 out-group genera, we could assure the monophyly of Gammaridae. To avoid the paraphyly of the family, we propose the omission of Pontogammaridae, Typhlogammaridae, and all Baikalian families. Similarly, the genera Fontogammarus, Sinogammarus, Lagunogammarus, Pephredo, Neogammarus, and Laurogammarus may be cancelled. But, tens of Baikal genera, nested within Gammarus, are so diverse that they must be retained, although rendering Gammarus paraphyletic. Besides we propose the polyphyletic Echinogammarus–Chaetogammarus group to be divided into monophyletic genera Echinogammarus s. str., Homoeogammarus, Parhomoeogammarus, Marinogammarus, Relictogammarus gen. nov., Chaetogammarus, and Trichogammarus gen. nov. These solutions made it possible to complete the first analysis of the family evolution in light of its phylogeny. Perimarine clades are mainly basally split clades, whereas in some ancient lakes extremely rich endemic faunas had developed polyphyletically. The troglobiotic Typhlogammarus group from Dinarides and Caucasus formed a monophylum, whereas the troglobiotic assemblage of Gammarus species is highly polyphyletic. Reduction of the uropod III endopodite, which classically distinguishes between the genera Gammarus and Echinogammarus, appeared to be highly polyphyletic. Protective dorsal pleonal projections occur scattered across the family and beyond, whereas lateral projections were limited to species of ancient lakes, so both structures were polyphyletic. The evolutionary history of Gammaridae was investigated with ten different calibration schemes, which produced incompatible results; however, the most probable scenario is a late rise of the family, which can only explain the absence of Gammaridae species around the Indo-Pacific.
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2015-09-29 07:58:00Z
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2015-10-02 18:52:55Z
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2016-04-04 07:15:55Z
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2016-04-04 12:21:48Z
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Chaetogammarus olivii (H. Milne Edwards, 1830) accepted as Pectenogammarus olivii (H. Milne Edwards, 1830) (additional source)
Echinogammarus marinus (Leach, 1816) accepted as Marinogammarus marinus (Leach, 1816) (new combination reference)
Echinogammarus obtusatus (Dahl, 1938) accepted as Marinogammarus obtusatus (Dahl, 1938) (new combination reference)
Echinogammarus pirloti (Sexton & Spooner, 1940) accepted as Marinogammarus pirloti Sexton & Spooner, 1940 (new combination reference)
Echinogammarus platvoeti Pinkster, 1993 accepted as Pectenogammarus platvoeti (Pinkster, 1993) (additional source)
Echinogammarus pungens (H. Milne Edwards, 1840) accepted as Pectenogammarus pungens (H. Milne Edwards, 1840) (additional source)
Echinogammarus stammeri (S. Karaman, 1931) accepted as Pectenogammarus stammeri (S. Karaman, 1931) (additional source)
Echinogammarus stocki G. Karaman, 1970 accepted as Pectenogammarus stocki (G. Karaman, 1970) (additional source)
Gammaridae Latreille, 1802 (additional source)
Homoeogammarus Schellenberg, 1937 accepted as Pectenogammarus Reid, 1940 (additional source)
Marinogammarus Schellenberg, 1937 (additional source)
Marinogammarus obtusatus (Dahl, 1938) (new combination reference)
Marinogammarus pirloti Sexton & Spooner, 1940 (new combination reference)
Pectenogammarus festai (Ruffo, 1937) (additional source)
Pectenogammarus foxi (Schellenberg, 1928) (additional source)
Pectenogammarus nudus (Stock, 1971) (additional source)
Pectenogammarus olivii (H. Milne Edwards, 1830) (additional source)
Pectenogammarus platvoeti (Pinkster, 1993) (additional source)
Pectenogammarus pungens (H. Milne Edwards, 1840) (additional source)
Pectenogammarus stammeri (S. Karaman, 1931) (additional source)
Pectenogammarus stocki (G. Karaman, 1970) (additional source)
Pectenogammarus veneris (Heller, 1865) (additional source)
Relictogammarus Hou & Sket, 2016 (original description)
Relictogammarus stoerensis (Reid, 1938) (new combination reference)
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