MarBEF Data System


WoRMS taxon details

Millepora Linnaeus, 1758

Millepora alcicornis, source Wikipedia
Millepora alcicornis, source Wikipedia

205902  (urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:205902)

  1. Biota
  2. Animalia (Kingdom)
  3. Cnidaria (Phylum)
  4. Medusozoa (Subphylum)
  5. Hydrozoa (Class)
  6. Hydroidolina (Subclass)
  7. Anthoathecata (Order)
  8. Capitata (Suborder)
  9. Milleporidae (Family)
  10. Millepora (Genus)
accepted
Genus
Millepora alcicornis Linnaeus, 1758 (type by subsequent designation)
Palmipora de Blainville, 1834 · unaccepted (synonym)

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  1. Species Millepora alcicornis Linnaeus, 1758
  2. Species Millepora boschmai De Weerdt & Glynn, 1991
  3. Species Millepora braziliensis Verrill, 1868
  4. Species Millepora complanata Lamarck, 1816
  5. Species Millepora dichotoma Forsskål, 1775
  6. Species Millepora exaesa Forsskål, 1775
  7. Species Millepora foveolata Crossland, 1952
  8. Species Millepora intricata Milne Edwards, 1860
  9. Species Millepora laboreli Amaral, 2008
  10. Species Millepora latifolia Boschma, 1948
  11. Species Millepora nitida Verrill, 1868
  12. Species Millepora nodulosa Nemenzo, 1984
  13. Species Millepora platyphylla Hemprich & Ehrenberg, 1834
  14. Species Millepora squarrosa Lamarck, 1816
  15. Species Millepora striata Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864
  16. Species Millepora tenera Boschma, 1949
  17. Species Millepora agariciformis Pallas, 1766 accepted as Mesophyllum lichenoides (J.Ellis) Me.Lemoine, 1928 (the name of the hydrocoral genus Millepora has erroneously been used for algae)
  18. Species Millepora alga Gmelin, 1791 accepted as Mesophyllum lichenoides (J.Ellis) Me.Lemoine, 1928 (the name of the hydrocoral genus Millepora has erroneously been used for algae)
  19. Species Millepora aspera Linnaeus, 1767 accepted as Errina aspera (Linnaeus, 1767) (basionym, changed combination)
  20. Species Millepora byssoides (Lamarck, 1801) Lamarck, 1816 accepted as Lithophyllum byssoides (Lamarck) Foslie, 1900 (the name of the hydrocoral genus Millepora has erroneously been used for algae)
  21. Species Millepora calcarea Pallas, 1766 accepted as Phymatolithon calcareum (Pallas) W.H.Adey & D.L.McKibbin ex Woelkering & L.M.Irvine, 1986 (the name of the hydrocoral genus Millepora has erroneously been used for algae)
  22. Species Millepora cancellata Ehrenberg, 1834 accepted as Millepora dichotoma Forsskål, 1775 (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
  23. Species Millepora candida Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864 accepted as Millepora alcicornis Linnaeus, 1758 (synonym)
  24. Species Millepora carthaginiensis Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864 accepted as Millepora alcicornis Linnaeus, 1758 (synonym)
  25. Species Millepora cellulata Forsskål, 1775 accepted as Stylophora pistillata (Esper, 1792) (possible synonym)
  26. Species Millepora cellulosa Linnaeus, 1767 accepted as Reteporella cellulosa (Linnaeus, 1767) (basionym)
  27. Species Millepora cervicornis Pallas, 1766 accepted as Smittina cervicornis (Pallas, 1766) (basionym)
  28. Species Millepora clavaria Ehrenberg, 1834 accepted as Millepora dichotoma Forsskål, 1775 (synonym)
  29. Species Millepora coerulea Pallas, 1766 accepted as Heliopora coerulea (Pallas, 1766) (unaccepted > superseded combination, basionym)
  30. Species Millepora compressa Linnaeus, 1758 (name suppressed by ICZN)
  31. Species Millepora compressa Sowerby, 1806 accepted as Porella compressa (J. Sowerby, 1805) (basionym)
  32. Species Millepora confertissima Quelch, 1886 accepted as Millepora intricata Milne Edwards, 1860 (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
  33. Species Millepora cristagalli Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864 accepted as Millepora alcicornis Linnaeus, 1758 (invalid junior homonym of Millepora crista-galli Morren, 1828)
  34. Species Millepora cruzi Nemenzo, 1975 accepted as Millepora tenera Boschma, 1949 (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym, synonym)
  35. Species Millepora damicornis Linnaeus, 1758 accepted as Pocillopora damicornis (Linnaeus, 1758) (unaccepted > superseded combination, basionym)
  36. Species Millepora decussata J.Ellis & Solander, 1786 accepted as Lithophyllum decussatum (J.Ellis & Solander) Philippi, 1837 (the name of the hydrocoral genus Millepora has erroneously been used for algae)
  37. Species Millepora delicatula Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864 accepted as Millepora alcicornis Linnaeus, 1758 (synonym)
  38. Species Millepora digitata Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864 accepted as Millepora alcicornis Linnaeus, 1758 (synonym)
  39. Species Millepora ehrenbergi Milne Edwards, 1860 accepted as Millepora platyphylla Hemprich & Ehrenberg, 1834 (synonym)
  40. Species Millepora esperi Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864 accepted as Millepora alcicornis Linnaeus, 1758 (synonym)
  41. Species Millepora fasciculata Lamarck, 1816 accepted as Lithophyllum fasciculatum (Lamarck) Foslie, 1898 (the name of the hydrocoral genus Millepora has erroneously been used for algae)
  42. Species Millepora faveolata Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864 accepted as Millepora squarrosa Lamarck, 1816 (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
  43. Species Millepora fenestrata Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864 accepted as Millepora alcicornis Linnaeus, 1758 (synonym)
  44. Species Millepora foliacea Ellis & Solander, 1786 accepted as Pentapora fascialis (Pallas, 1766) (synonym)
  45. Species Millepora folliata Milne Edwards, 1860 accepted as Millepora squarrosa Lamarck, 1816 (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
  46. Species Millepora foraminosa Ellis & Solander, 1786 accepted as Reteporella cellulosa (Linnaeus, 1767) (synonym)
  47. Species Millepora forskali Milne Edwards, 1860 accepted as Millepora alcicornis Linnaeus, 1758 (synonym)
  48. Species Millepora gonagra Milne Edwards, 1860 accepted as Millepora exaesa Forsskål, 1775 (synonym)
  49. Species Millepora gothica Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1860 accepted as Millepora alcicornis Linnaeus, 1758 (synonym)
  50. Species Millepora incrassata Milne Edwards, 1860 accepted as Millepora platyphylla Hemprich & Ehrenberg, 1834 (synonym)
  51. Species Millepora insignis Verrill, 1864 accepted as Millepora platyphylla Hemprich & Ehrenberg, 1834 (synonym)
  52. Species Millepora lichenoides Linnaeus, 1758 accepted as Hornera lichenoides (Linnaeus, 1758) (basionym)
  53. Species Millepora lichenoides (J.Ellis) J.Ellis & Solander, 1786 accepted as Mesophyllum lichenoides (J.Ellis) Me.Lemoine, 1928 (the name of the hydrocoral genus Millepora has erroneously been used for algae)
  54. Species Millepora liliacea Pallas, 1766 accepted as Tubulipora liliacea (Pallas, 1766) (basionym)
  55. Species Millepora miniacea Pallas, 1766 accepted as Miniacina miniacea (Pallas, 1766) (basionym)
  56. Species Millepora moniliformis Dana, 1848 accepted as Millepora alcicornis Linnaeus, 1758 (synonym and invalid junior homonym of Millepora moniliformis Rafinesque, 1820)
  57. Species Millepora muricata Linnaeus, 1758 accepted as Acropora muricata (Linnaeus, 1758) (original combination, basionym)
  58. Species Millepora murrayi Quelch, 1884 accepted as Millepora intricata Milne Edwards, 1860 (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym, possible synonym)
  59. Species Millepora nodosa Esper, 1790 accepted as Millepora exaesa Forsskål, 1775 (synonym)
  60. Species Millepora norvegica Gunnerus, 1768 accepted as Stylaster norvegicus (Gunnerus, 1768) (basionym, changed combination)
  61. Species Millepora plicata (Esper, 1790) accepted as Millepora complanata Lamarck, 1816
  62. Species Millepora polymorpha Linnaeus, 1767 accepted as Phymatolithon calcareum (Pallas) W.H.Adey & D.L.McKibbin ex Woelkering & L.M.Irvine, 1986 (the name of the hydrocoral genus Millepora has erroneously been used for algae)
  63. Species Millepora porulosa Ehrenberg, 1834 accepted as Millepora platyphylla Hemprich & Ehrenberg, 1834 (possible synonym)
  64. Species Millepora pumicosa Pallas, 1766 accepted as Cellepora pumicosa (Pallas, 1766) (basionym)
  65. Species Millepora pumila Dana, 1848 accepted as Millepora alcicornis Linnaeus, 1758 (synonym and invalid junior homonym of Millepora pumila Pallas, 1766)
  66. Species Millepora racemus Lamarck, 1818 accepted as Lithophyllum racemus (Lamarck) Foslie, 1901 (the name of the hydrocoral genus Millepora has erroneously been used for algae)
  67. Species Millepora ramosa Esper, 1790 accepted as Millepora alcicornis Linnaeus, 1758 (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
  68. Species Millepora reticularis Milne Edwards, 1860 accepted as Millepora dichotoma Forsskål, 1775 (synonym)
  69. Species Millepora reticulum Linnaeus, 1767 accepted as Conopeum reticulum (Linnaeus, 1767) (basionym)
  70. Species Millepora rubra Lamarck, 1816 accepted as Homotrema rubra (Lamarck, 1816) accepted as Homotrema rubrum (Lamarck, 1816)
  71. Species Millepora rugosa Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864 accepted as Millepora complanata Lamarck, 1816 (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
  72. Species Millepora sancta Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864 accepted as Millepora complanata Lamarck, 1816 (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
  73. Species Millepora schrammi Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864 accepted as Millepora alcicornis Linnaeus, 1758 (synonym)
  74. Species Millepora skenei Ellis & Solander, 1786 accepted as Palmiskenea skenei (Ellis & Solander, 1786) (basionym)
  75. Species Millepora tenella Ortmann, 1892 accepted as Millepora tenera Boschma, 1949 (invalid junior homonym of Millepora tenella Esper, 1795)
  76. Species Millepora tortuosa Dana, 1848 accepted as Millepora tenera Boschma, 1949 (invalid junior homonym of Millepora tortuosa Esper, 1797 )
  77. Species Millepora tortuosa Esper, 1797 accepted as Lithophyllum tortuosum (Esper) Foslie, 1900 accepted as Tenarea tortuosa (Esper) Me.Lemoine, 1910 (the name of the hydrocoral genus Millepora has erroneously been used for algae)
  78. Species Millepora trinitatis Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864 accepted as Millepora alcicornis Linnaeus, 1758 (synonym)
  79. Species Millepora truncata Pallas, 1766 accepted as Myriapora truncata (Pallas, 1766)
  80. Species Millepora truncata Jameson, 1811 accepted as Domopora truncata (Jameson, 1811) (basionym)
  81. Species Millepora truncata Dana, 1846 accepted as Millepora platyphylla Hemprich & Ehrenberg, 1834 (synonymy)
  82. Species Millepora tuberculata Duchassaing, 1850 accepted as Millepora squarrosa Lamarck, 1816 (synonym)
  83. Species Millepora tuberculosa Milne Edwards, 1857 accepted as Millepora exaesa Forsskål, 1775 (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
  84. Species Millepora tuberosa Boschma, 1966 accepted as Millepora exaesa Forsskål, 1775 (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
  85. Species Millepora verrucosa Milne Edwards, 1860 accepted as Millepora platyphylla Hemprich & Ehrenberg, 1834 (synonym)
  86. Species Millepora violacea Pallas, 1766 accepted as Distichopora violacea (Pallas, 1766) (basionym, changed combination)
  87. Species Millepora xishaensis Zou, 1978 accepted as Millepora intricata Milne Edwards, 1860 (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
  88. Species Millepora cellulosa Linnaeus, 1758 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum, considered to be unrecognisable)
  89. Species Millepora conglomerata Forsskål, 1775 (uncertain > unassessed)
  90. Species Millepora coriacea Linnaeus, 1767 accepted as Mesophyllum lichenoides (J.Ellis) Me.Lemoine, 1928 (uncertain > nomen dubium, the name of the hydrocoral genus Millepora has erroneously been used for algae)
  91. Species Millepora crustacea Linnaeus, 1758 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum, unrecognisable)
  92. Species Millepora informis Lamarck, 1816 (uncertain > nomen dubium, the name of the hydrocoral genus Millepora has erroneously been used for algae)
  93. Species Millepora lineata Linnaeus, 1758 (uncertain > nomen dubium)
  94. Species Millepora reticulata Linnaeus, 1758 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
  95. Species Millepora tenella Esper, 1795 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
marine, brackish, fresh, terrestrial
recent only
Linnaeus, C. (1758). Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. [The system of nature through the three kingdoms of nature, according to classes, orders, genera, species, with characters, differences, synonyms, places.]. <em>Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii. Holmiae [Stockholm].</em> 1(10) [iii], 824 p., available online at https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/726886
page(s): 790 [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]
LSID urn:lsid:algaebase.org:taxname:112046  
LSID urn:lsid:algaebase.org:taxname:112046 [details]
WoRMS (2025). Millepora Linnaeus, 1758. Accessed at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=205902 on 2025-04-29
Date
action
by
1997-10-30 15:49:33Z
created
Vanden Berghe, Edward
2000-07-18 15:57:33Z
changed
Vanden Berghe, Edward
2008-09-05 20:47:38Z
changed
Vanden Berghe, Edward
2011-03-11 07:10:22Z
checked
Schuchert, Peter
2013-07-12 13:15:10Z
changed
Schuchert, Peter
2013-09-22 08:21:59Z
changed
Hoeksema, Bert
2015-07-03 05:29:24Z
changed
Schuchert, Peter
2017-02-03 07:23:49Z
changed
Schuchert, Peter

Creative Commons License The webpage text is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License


Nomenclature

original description Linnaeus, C. (1758). Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. [The system of nature through the three kingdoms of nature, according to classes, orders, genera, species, with characters, differences, synonyms, places.]. <em>Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii. Holmiae [Stockholm].</em> 1(10) [iii], 824 p., available online at https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/726886
page(s): 790 [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

original description (of Palmipora de Blainville, 1834) Blainville, H. M. D. de. (1834). Manuel d'actinologie ou de zoophytologie. <em>F.G. Levroult. Paris: Strasbourg.</em> 1-2: 1-644, pls. I-C., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/9680581 [details] OpenAccess publication

basis of record Veron JEN. (1986). Corals of Australia and the Indo-Pacific. <em>Angus & Robertson Publishers.</em> [details] 

Taxonomy

redescription Razak, T.B. & B.W. Hoeksema, 2003. The hydrocoral genus Millepora (Hydrozoa: Capitata: Milleporidae) in Indonesia. Zoologische Verhandelingen Leiden 345: 313-336. [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

Other

context source (MSBIAS) MEDIN. (2011). UK checklist of marine species derived from the applications Marine Recorder and UNICORN. version 1.0. [details] 

additional source Calder, D. R. (1988). Shallow-water hydroids of Bermuda. The Athecatae. <em>Royal Ontario Museum Life Sciences Contributions.</em> 148: 1-107.
page(s): 73 [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source Amaral, F. D., Hudson, M. M., Steiner, A. Q., & Ramos, C. A. C. 2007. Corals and calcified hydroids of the Manuel Luiz Marine State Park (State of Maranhao, northeast Brazil). Biota Neotropica 7: 73-81.
page(s): 2, 3, 4, 7 [details] 

additional source Yabe H, Sugiyama T. (1935). Revised list of the reef-corals from the Japanese seas and of the fossil reef corals of the raised reefs and the Ryukyu limestone of Japan. <em>Journal of the Geological Society of Japan.</em> 42: 379-403.
page(s): 401 [details] 

additional source Thomson, J.A.; Henderson, W.D. (1906). The marine fauna of Zanzibar and British East Africa, from collections made by Cyril Crossland, M.A., B.Sc., F.Z.S., in the years 1901 and 1902 -- Alcyonaria. <em>Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London.</em> 1906, 393-442, plates 26-31., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/32051773
page(s): 402 [details] 

additional source Doumenc, D. A. (1973). Notes sur les actinies de Polynésie Française. Cahiers du Pacifique, (17): 173-204
page(s): 177 [details] 

additional source McMurrich, J. P. (1893). Report on the Actiniæ collected by the United States Fish Commission Steamer Albatross during the winter of 1887-1888. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 16(930): 119-216
page(s): 120 [details] 

additional source Sheppard, C. R. C. (1985). Fringing reefs in the southern region, Jeddah to Jizan. Fauna of Saudi Arabia, 7, 37-58
page(s): 48 [details] 

additional source Sheppard, C. R. C.; Sheppard, A. L. S. (1985). The central Red Sea at Yanbu al Sinaiyah. Fauna of Saudi Arabia, 7, 17-36
page(s): 27 [details] 

additional source Reimer, J. D.; Takishita, K.; Ono, S.; Maruyama, T.; Tsukahara, J. (2006). Latitudinal and intracolony ITS-rDNA sequence variation in the symbiotic dinoflagellate genus Symbiodinium (Dinophyceae) in Zoanthus sansibaricus (Anthozoa:Hexacorallia). Phycological Research, 54, 122-132
page(s): 125 [details] 

 
 Present  Inaccurate  Introduced: alien  Containing type locality 
   

From editor or global species database
Diagnosis Hydroid colony forming massive, calcareous exoskeleton (= coenosteum) of varied shape; coenosteum with an internal complex network of coenosarcal tubes and covered externally by a thin ectodermal layer, coenosteal surface perforated by pores; margins of pores not protruding from surface of coenosteum; large gastropores surrounded by smaller dactylopores, forming indistinct cyclosystems; no gastrostyles and dactylostyles; polyps polymorphic; gastrozooids relatively short and stout, with an oral whorl of 4 to 7 short capitate tentacles, arising from gastropores; dactylozooids long, slender, mouthless, with scattered capitate tentacles, arising from dactylopores; cnidome with macrobasic mastigophores; gonophores arising from coenosarc within ampullae embedded in the coenosteum.
Gonophore are free swimming eumedusoids with exumbrellar cnidocyst patches, narrow velum, radial and circular canals, ‘gonads’ occupying the place of an indistinct manubrium and without tentacles and sense organs.
 [details]

Unreviewed
LSID urn:lsid:algaebase.org:taxname:112046 [details]
    Definitions

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LanguageName 
Dutch brandkoraal  [details]
English stinging coralsfire corals  [details]
German Feuerkorallen  [details]
Japanese アナサンゴモドキ属  [details]
Published in AlgaeBase Logo AlgaeBase 
To Biological Information System for Marine Life (BISMaL) 
To European Nucleotide Archive, ENA (Millepora) 
To Genbank 
To Yale Peabody Museum of Natural History (YPM IZ 007076.CN) 
To ITIS
From editor or global species database
Millepora alcicornis, source Wikipedia
Millepora alcicornis, source Wikipedia
Image from typetaxon
Unreviewed
Millepora alcicornis Sea ginger DMS
Millepora alcicornis Sea ginger DMS
Image from typetaxon
Millepora alcicornis Sea ginger1 DMS
Millepora alcicornis Sea ginger1 DMS
Image from typetaxon
To Yale Peabody Museum of Natural History (YPM IZ 007076.CN)
To Yale Peabody Museum of Natural History (YPM IZ 007076.CN)
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