Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. (2025). AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway (taxonomic information republished from AlgaeBase with permission of M.D. Guiry). Balechina Loeblich Jr. & Loeblich III, 1968. Accessed through: Costello, M.J.; Bouchet, P.; Boxshall, G.; Arvanitidis, C.; Appeltans, W. (2025) European Register of Marine Species at: http://marbef.org//marbef.org/data/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=231856 on 2025-05-12
Costello, M.J.; Bouchet, P.; Boxshall, G.; Arvanitidis, C.; Appeltans, W. (2025). European Register of Marine Species. Balechina Loeblich Jr. & Loeblich III, 1968. Accessed at: http://marbef.org//marbef.org/data/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=231856 on 2025-05-12
basis of recordGómez, F. (2005). A list of free-living dinoflagellate species in the world's oceans. Acta Bot. Croat. 64(1): 129-212.[details]
additional sourceGuiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. (2025). AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. searched on YYYY-MM-DD., available online athttp://www.algaebase.org[details]
source of synonymyGómez, F. (2005). A list of free-living dinoflagellate species in the world's oceans. Acta Bot. Croat. 64(1): 129-212.[details]