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WoRMS taxon details
original description
Murray, J. (1876). Preliminary reports to Professor Wyville Thomson, F. R. S., director of the civilian scientific staff, on work done on board the 'Challenger'. <em>Proceedings of the Royal Society of London.</em> 24(164-170): 471-544., available online at https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/42632699
page(s): p. 534 [details]
basis of record
Gross, O. (2001). Foraminifera, <B><I>in</I></B>: Costello, M.J. <i>et al.</i> (Ed.) (2001). <i>European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels,</i> 50: pp. 60-75 (look up in IMIS) [details]
additional source
Neave, Sheffield Airey. (1939-1996). Nomenclator Zoologicus vol. 1-10 Online. <em>[Online Nomenclator Zoologicus at Checklistbank. Ubio link has gone].</em> , available online at https://www.checklistbank.org/dataset/126539/about [details]
additional source
Loeblich, A. R.; Tappan, H. (1987). Foraminiferal Genera and their Classification. Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York. 970pp., available online at https://books.google.pt/books?id=n_BqCQAAQBAJ [details] Available for editors  [request]
 Present Inaccurate Introduced: alien Containing type locality
From editor or global species database
Diagnosis Test large, juvenile stage with low trochospiral coil, adult planispiral and involute, biumbilicate, spherical to ovate chambers increasing gradually in size as added, five to six in the final whorl, sutures radiate, depressed, periphery broadly rounded, peripheral outline lobulate; wall calcareous on a thick organic matrix, densely perforate, surface smooth, massive elongate spines of triradiate section throughout their length are concentrated in the peripheral regions of the chambers, spine bases are large rounded triangular mounds with triradiate sockets, blade edges of the spines in the area of newly formed chamber have numerous closely spaced, distally pointing, bifurcate barbs, possibly providing support for the newly forming chambers as these are added, or perhaps aiding in the capture and securing of prey, the barbs gradually disappearing in older parts of the test; aperture a wide and high interiomarginal, equatorial arch that extends to the umbilicus on both sides, bordered by a thin lip; spines shed during gametogenesis, internal septa largely resorbed as are the apertural border and up to 75 percent of the final chamber wall to facilitate egress of the gametes, thereby producing a kummerform final chamber; in life the test is surrounded by a prominent cytoplasmic bubble capsule that breaks apart at gametogenesis. U. Miocene (Messinian) to Holocene; tropical to temperate, cosmopolitan. (Loeblich & Tappan, 1987, Foraminiferal Genera and Their Classification) [details]
From editor or global species database
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