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Porifera taxon details
original description
Erpenbeck, D.; Sutcliffe, P.; Cook, S. de C.; Dietzel, A.; Maldonado, M.; Van Soest, R.W.M.; Hooper, J.N.A.; Wörheide, G. (2012). Horny sponges and their affairs: On the phylogenetic relationships of keratose sponges. <em>Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution.</em> 63 (3): 809-816., available online at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2012.02.024 [details] Available for editors  [request]
original description
(of Myxospongiae) Haeckel, E. (1866). Generelle morphologie der Organismen. Allgemeine Grundzüge der organischen Formen-wissenschaft, mechanisch begründet durch die von Charles Darwin reformirte Descendenztheorie, von Ernst Haeckel. Berlin,G. Reimer. , available online at https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.3953 [details]
context source (Hexacorallia)
Fautin, Daphne G. (2013). Hexacorallians of the World. (look up in IMIS) [details]
basis of record
Morrow, C.; Cárdenas, P. (2015). Proposal for a revised classification of the Demospongiae (Porifera). <em>Frontiers in Zoology.</em> 12: 7., available online at http://www.frontiersinzoology.com/content/12/1/7
page(s): 8 [details] Available for editors [request]
basis of record
(of Myxospongiae) Maldonado, M. (2009). Embryonic development of verongid demosponges supports the independent acquisition of spongin skeletons as an alternative to the siliceous skeleton of sponges. <em>Biological Journal of the Linnean Society.</em> 97 (2), 427-447., available online at https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.2009.01202.x [details] Available for editors [request]
additional source
(of Myxospongiae) Cárdenas, P.; Pérez, T.; Boury-Esnault, N. (2012). Sponge Systematics Facing New Challenges. <i>In</i>: Becerro MA, Uriz MJ, Maldonado M, Turon X (eds) Advances in Sponge Science: Phylogeny, Systematics, Ecology. <em>Advances in Marine Biology.</em> 61, 79-209., available online at https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-387787-1.00010-6 [details] Available for editors [request]
additional source
(of Myxospongiae) Redmond, N.E.; Morrow, C.C.; Thacker, R.W.; Díaz, M.C.; Boury-Esnault, N.; Cárdenas, P.; Hajdu, E.; Lôbo-Hajdu, G.; Picton, B.E.; Pomponi, S.A.; Kayal, E.; Collins, A.G. (2013). Phylogeny and Systematics of Demospongiae in Light of New Small-Subunit Ribosomal DNA (18S) Sequences. <em>Integrative and Comparative Biology.</em> 53 (3): 388-415., available online at http://icb.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2013/06/22/icb.ict078 [details] Available for editors [request]
additional source
(of Myxospongiae) Haeckel, E. (1872). Die Kalkschwämme. Eine Monographie in zwei Bänden Text und einem Atlas mit 60 Tafeln Abbildungen. <em>G. Reimer:Berlin.</em> (1: 1-484) 2: 1-418 (3: pls 1-60). [details] 
additional source
(of Myxospongiae) Zittel, K.A. 1878. Zur Stammes-Geschichte der Spongien (50 Jahren Akademischen Doktorwürde Karl Theodor von Siebold). Philosophische Facultät der Ludwig-Maximilian's Universität München, pp. 1-20. [details]
From editor or global species database
Taxonomy Prior to Lévi's (1955) rearrangement of the Demosponge orders the name Keratosa was used to accommodate sponges lacking spicules and provided with spongin fibers. This is now considered an artificial group because the orders Verongiida, Dictyoceratida, Dendroceratida and family Halisarcidae were included in the concept of Keratosa. From multidisplinary studies involving biology, chemistry, microbiology and genetics it is demonstrated that Verongiida and Halisarcidae are unrelated to Dictyoceratida and Dendroceratida. They are here included with Chondrosiida and Chondrillida in the subclass Verongimorpha. The remaining Dictyo- and Dendroceratida are retained in the subclass Keratosa (q.v.). [details]
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