Xu, K.; Agatha, S. & Dolan, J. (2021). World Ciliophora Database. Spirotrichea. Accessed through: Marine Species Traits editorial board (2021) Marine Species Traits at: http://www.marinespecies.org/traits/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1348 on 2024-05-05
Marine Species Traits editorial board (2024). Marine Species Traits. Spirotrichea. Accessed at: https://marinespecies.org/traits/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1348 on 2024-05-05
basis of recordParker, S.P. (Ed.) (1982). Synopsis and classification of living organisms. McGraw Hill Book Company: New York, NY (USA). ISBN 0-07-079031-0. 1166, 1232 pp. (look up in IMIS) [details]
Present Inaccurate Introduced: alien Containing type locality