Grube, Adolf Eduard. (1850). Die Familien der Anneliden. Archiv für Naturgeschichte, Berlin. 16(1): 249-364., available online athttps://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/6958350 page(s): 281, 282; note: usage of Polychaeta within Annulata as "Appendiculata polychaeta" [details]
ERMS (2018). Polychaeta. Accessed at: http://marbef.org/data/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=883 on 2018-07-22
Costello, M.J.; Bouchet, P.; Boxshall, G.; Arvanitidis, C.; Appeltans, W. (2018). European Register of Marine Species. Polychaeta. Accessed at: http://marbef.org/data/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=883 on 2018-07-22
original description Grube, Adolf Eduard. (1850). Die Familien der Anneliden. Archiv für Naturgeschichte, Berlin. 16(1): 249-364., available online athttps://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/6958350 page(s): 281, 282; note: usage of Polychaeta within Annulata as "Appendiculata polychaeta" [details]
additional source Margulis, L.; Schwartz, K.V. (1998). Five Kingdoms: an illustrated guide to the Phyla of life on earth. 3rd edition. Freeman: New York, NY (USA). ISBN 0-7167-3027-8. xx, 520 pp. (look up in RoR) [details]
additional source Struck, T. H. 2011. Direction of evolution within Annelida and the definition of Pleistoannelida. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research 49(4): 340-345, available online athttps://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0469.2011.00640.x[details]
additional source Rouse, G. W.; Pleijel, F. (2001). Polychaetes. Oxford University Press: Oxford, UK [etc.]. ISBN 0-19-850608-2. 354 pp. (look up in RoR) [details]
additional source Zrzavý, J.; Xíha, P.; Piálek, L.; Janouškovec, J. (2009). Phylogeny of Annelida (Lophotrochozoa): total-evidence analysis of morphology and six genes - art. no. 189. Bmc Evolutionary Biology 9: 189-189.
, available online athttp://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2148/9/189[details]
additional source Simakov, Oleg; Marletaz, Ferdinand; Cho, Sung-Jin; Edsinger-Gonzales, Eric; Havlak, Paul; Hellsten, Uffe; Kuo, Dian-Han; Larsson, Tomas; Lv, Jie; Arendt, Detlev; Savage, Robert; Osoegawa, Kazutoyo; de Jong, Pieter; Grimwood, Jane; Chapman, Jarrod A.; Shapiro, Harris; Aerts, Andrea; Otillar, Robert P.; Terry, Astrid Y.; Boore, Jeffrey L.; Grigoriev, Igor V.; Lindberg, David R.; Seaver, Elaine C.; Weisblat, David A.; Putnam, Nicholas H.; Rokhsar, Daniel S. 2012. Insights into bilaterian evolution from three spiralian genomes. Nature advance online publication, available online athttps://doi.org/10.1038/nature11696[details]
additional source Salazar-Vallejo, S. I.; Carrera-Parra, L. F.; Muir, A. I.; De León-González, J. A.; Piotrowski, C.; Sato, M. (2014). Polychaete species (Annelida) described from the Philippine and China Seas. Zootaxa. 3842(1): 1-68., available online athttps://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3842.1.1 page(s): [Regional checklist of original names] [details]
additional source Mikac, Barbara. (2015). A sea of worms: polychaete checklist of the Adriatic Sea. Zootaxa. 3943(1): 1-172., available online athttps://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3943.1.1 note: Checklist [details]
additional source Seaver, Elaine C. (2014). Variation in spiralian development: insights from polychaetes. The International Journal of Developmental Biology. 58(6-7-8): 457-467., available online athttps://doi.org/10.1387/ijdb.140154es[details]
identification resource Blake, James A.; Ruff, R. Eugene (2007). Polychaeta. In: Carlton, J.T. (ed.). The Light and Smith Manual. Intertidal Invertebrates from Central California to Oregon, pp. 309-410. University of California Press, Berkeley.
[details]
identification resource Wilson, Robin S.; Hutchings Pat, A.; Glasby, C. J. 2003. Polychaetes: An Interactive Identification Guide. CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne., available online athttp://researchdata.museum.vic.gov.au/polychaetes/[details]
identification resource Blake, J.A. 1994. Introduction to the Polychaeta, in J.A. Blake and B. Hilbig eds., Taxonomic Atlas of the Benthic Fauna of the Santa Maria Basin and Western Santa Barbara Channel: Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, p. 39-113. page(s): (and set of volumes) [details]
identification resource Fauchald, K. (1977). The polychaete worms, definitions and keys to the orders, families and genera. Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County: Los Angeles, CA (USA), Science Series. 28:1-188., available online athttp://www.vliz.be/imisdocs/publications/123110.pdf[details]
identification resource Hartmann-Schröder, G. (1996). Annelida, Borstenwürmer, Polychaeta [Annelida, bristleworms, Polychaeta]. 2nd revised ed. The fauna of Germany and adjacent seas with their characteristics and ecology, 58. Gustav Fischer: Jena, Germany. ISBN 3-437-35038-2. 648 pp. (look up in RoR) [details] Available for editors
identification resource Fauchald, K. (1972). Benthic polychaetous annelids from deep water off western Mexico and adjacent areas in the Eastern Pacific Ocean. Allan Hancock Monographs in Marine Biology. 7: 1-575., available online athttps://repository.si.edu/handle/10088/6207[details]
identification resource Fauvel, P. (1923). Polychètes errantes. Faune de France. Librairie de la Faculte des Sciences. Paris. 5: 1-488., available online athttp://www.faunedefrance.org/ [details]
identification resource Hartman, Olga. (1967). Polychaetous annelids collected by the USNS Eltanin and Staten Island cruises, chiefly from Antarctic Seas. Allan Hancock Monographs in Marine Biology. 2: 1-387. [details] Available for editors
identification resource Hartman, O.; Fauchald, K. (1971). Deep-water benthic polychaetous annelids off New England to Bermuda and other North Atlantic Areas. Part II. Allan Hancock Monographs in Marine Biology. 6: 1-327., available online athttp://hdl.handle.net/10088/3458[details]
identification resource Hartman, O. 1968. Atlas of the errantiate polychaetous annelids from California. 1-828. Allan Hancock Foundation, University of Southern California. Los Angeles. [details]
identification resource Hartman, O. (1969). Atlas of the sedentariate polychaetous annelids from California. 1-812. Allan Hancock Foundation, University of Southern California. Los Angeles. [details]
identification resource Knox, G. A. and Cameron, D. B. 1998. The Marina Fauna of the Ross Sea: Polychaeta. NIWA Biodiversity Memoir, 108: 1-125. [details]
identification resource Uebelacker, Joan M.; Johnson, Paul G. (eds). (1984). Taxonomic guide to the polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of Mexico. Final report to the Minerals Management Service, contract 14-12-001-29091. Volumes 1-7, Barry M. Vittor & Associates. Mobile, Alabama., available online athttps://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/002201750 page(s): (set of volumes) [details] Available for editors
context source (Deepsea) Hartman, O.; Fauchald, K. (1971). Deep-water benthic polychaetous annelids off New England to Bermuda and other North Atlantic Areas. Part II. Allan Hancock Monographs in Marine Biology. 6: 1-327., available online athttp://hdl.handle.net/10088/3458[details]
Present Inaccurate Introduced: alien Containing type locality
From editor or global species database
Classification Several minor orders presented in Fauchald (1977)are now regarded as superfluous. All orders so tagged do not have child taxa that are currently in use. Basically the classification of Rouse & Pleijel (2001: Fig.1.1) is presented here, with old name Errantia substituting for their Aciculata and old name Sedentaria including their Canalipalpata and Scolecida, but if the indications of placements in Zrzavý et al (2009) are implemented, then Scolecida is polyphyletic and its families should disperse into Terebellida and Sabellida. Further, Struck (2011) has introduced Clade Pleistoannelida defined as the last common ancestor of a revived Errantia and Sedentaria, with the latter containing Clitellata (leeches and earthworms). This view is partly integrated into the WoRMS arrangement of Annelida taxa, although his new Pleistoannelida may be superfluous if Polychaeta is retained. Palpata as a subclass appears likely to be superfluous and is not currently used here. Some interstitial annelid families (including former 'archiannelids') are under 'Polychaeta incertae sedis' awaiting assignment, together with some other taxa of obscure or Polychaeta-basal affinities. [details]
Present 
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