The last two decades have been marked by a new appreciation of the serious impacts of the marine phenomena we now call harmful algal blooms (HABs). These occurrences of toxic or harmful microalgae represent a significant and seemingly expanding threat to human health, fishery resources, and marine ecosystems throughout the world. Many causes, both natural and anthropogenic, may be likely that human activities are making the problems worse through increased nutrient inputs to coastal areas, transportation and discharge of ballast water, and other factors.
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