VLIZ Alien Species Consortium (2022). Micropogonias undulatus. Niet-inheemse soorten in het Belgisch deel van de Noordzee en omliggende estuaria = Non-indigenous species from the Belgian part of the North Sea and estuaria. VLIZ Alien Species Consortium (VLIZ): Oostende. Diff. pag. pp.
Part of: Niet-inheemse soorten in het Belgisch deel van de Noordzee en omliggende estuaria = Non-indigenous species from the Belgian part of the North Sea and estuaria. VLIZ Alien Species Consortium (VLIZ): Ostend. ISSN 2983-5518
Related to:
VLIZ Alien Species Consortium (2020). Micropogonias undulatus - Knorrepos, in: Verleye, T. et al.Niet-inheemse soorten in het Belgisch deel van de Noordzee en aanpalende estuaria. VLIZ Special Publication, 86: pp. 457-461, more
The Atlantic croaker Micropogonias undulates is native to the east coast of America, where is it one of the most common bottom-dwelling fishes. Because of its benthic lifestyle, the species probably did not cross the Atlantic Ocean on its own. Transport via the ballast water of ships could be the reason why the species got introduced to Europe. The Atlantic croaker has been present in the Netherlands and Belgium since 1998, albeit in low numbers.
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