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WoRMS taxon details
original description
(of Actinia digitata Müller, 1776) Müller, O.F. (1776). Zoologiae Danicae prodromus, seu Animalium Daniae et Norvegiae indigenarum: characteres, nomina, et synonyma imprimis popularium. <em>Typis Hallagerii, Havni, Copenhagen.</em> 282 pp., available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47550 [details] 
original description
(of Actinia spectabilis Fabricii, 1780) Fabricius, O. (1780). Fauna Groenlandica, systematice sistens animalia groenlandiae occidentalis hactenus indagata, quoad nomen specificium, triviale, vernaculumque, synonyma auctorum plurimum, descriptionem, locum, victum, generationem, mores, usum capturamque singuli, pro ut detegendi occasio fuit, maximaque parte secundum proprias observationes. <em>Hafniae [= Copenhagen] & Lipsiae [= Leipzig], Ioannis Gottlob Rothe.</em> xvi + 452 pp., 1 pl., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/13442285
page(s): 351-352 [details]
original description
(of Hormathia margaritae Gosse, 1859) Gosse P.H. (1859). Characters and descriptions of some new British sea-anemones. <em>Annals and Magazine of Natural History.</em> 3(3): 46-50., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/22070219
page(s): 47-48 [details]
original description
(of Hormathiogeton vegae Carlgren, 1942) Carlgren, O. (1942). Actiniaria Part II. Danish Ingolf-Expedition, 5, 12, 1-92
page(s): 45-46 [details]
context source (Deepsea)
Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) of UNESCO. The Ocean Biogeographic Information System (OBIS), available online at http://www.iobis.org/ [details]
context source (Hexacorallia)
Fautin, Daphne G. (2013). Hexacorallians of the World. (look up in IMIS) [details]
basis of record
van der Land, J.; den Hartog, J.H. (2001). Actiniaria, <B><I>in</I></B>: Costello, M.J. <i>et al.</i> (Ed.) (2001). <i>European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels,</i> 50: pp. 106-109 (look up in IMIS) [details]
additional source
Ross, D.M., 1974. Behavior patterns in associations and interactions with other animals. In: L. Muscatine & H.M. Lenhoff, eds, Coelenterate Biology. Reviews and new perspectives : 281-312.
page(s): 288 [details]
additional source
Laverack, M.S. & M. Blackler (eds.). (1974). Fauna and flora of St. Andrews Bay. <em>Edinburgh & London, Scottish Academic Press.</em> 310 pp.
page(s): 29 [details]
additional source
Lewis, John B. 1965. A preliminary description of some marine benthic communities from Barbados, West Indies. Canadian Journal of Zoology 43: 1049-1074.
page(s): 1063 [details]
additional source
Carlgren, O. (1932). Die Ceriantharien, Zoantharien und Actiniarien des arktischen Gebietes. Eine Zusammenstellung der arktischen Tierformen mit besonderer Berücksichtigung des Spitzbergen-Gebietes auf Grund der Ergebnisse der Deutschen Expedition in das Nördliche Eismeer im Jahre 1898. <em>Gustav Fischer.Jena.</em> 255-266.
page(s): 263 [details]
additional source
Pax, F. (1936). Anthozoa. In: G. Grimpe & E. Wagler (eds.). Die Tierwelt der Nord- und Ostsee. Bd. IIIe. Akad. Verlagsges., Becker & Erler, Leipzig. 317 pp.
page(s): 110 [details]
additional source
Stephenson, T. A. (1935). The British Sea Anemones. Volume II. <em>The Ray Society. London.</em> pp. 426.
page(s): 259-269 [details]
additional source
Manuel, R. L. (1981). British Anthozoa. <em>London: Academic Press.</em> 241 pp. (Synopses of the British Fauna).
page(s): 165 [details]
additional source
Carlgren, O. (1949). A survey of the Ptychodactiaria, Corallimorpharia and Actiniaria. <em>Kungliga Svenska Vet- enskapsakadamiens Handlingar.</em> 1: 1–121.
page(s): 93 [details]
additional source
Stephenson, T. A. (1920). On the classification of Actiniaria. Part I. -- Forms with acontia and forms with a mesogloeal sphincter. <em>Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science.</em> 64, 2, (256): 425-574., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/27706883#page/509/mode/1up
page(s): 535 [details]
additional source
den Hartog, J. C. (1977). Notes on the little known sea anemone Cataphellia brodricii and on the closely allied Hormathia coronata and Paraphellia expansa (Actiniaria, Hormathiidae). Netherlands Journal of Zoology, 27(3): 237-244
page(s): 240 [details]
additional source
Riemann-Zürneck, K. (1994). Taxonomy and ecological aspects of the Subarctic sea anemones Hormathia digitata, Hormathia nodosa and Allantactis parasitica (Coelenterata, Actiniaria). Ophelia, 39(3): 197-224
page(s): 199-205 [details]
additional source
Carlgren, O. (1940). A contribution to the knowledge of the structure and distribution of the cnidae in the Anthozoa. Kungliga Fysiografiska Sällskapets Handlingar, 51, N.F., (3): 1-62
page(s): 7, 42, 44 [details]
additional source
Carlgren, O. (1930). Actiniaria and Zoantharia. Andr. Fred. Høst and Søn. Copenhagen., volume 1, pp. 05-01
page(s): 3 [details]
additional source
Carlgren, O. (1933). The Godthaab Expedition 1928 Zoantharia and Actiniaria. Meddelelser om Grønland, 79(8): 1-55
page(s): 25-26 [details]
additional source
Carlgren, O. (1939). Actiniaria, Zoantharia, and Madreporaria. Zoology of Iceland, 2, 8, 1-20
page(s): 9 [details]
additional source
Ates, R. M. L. (1989). Fishes that eat sea anemones, a review. Journal of Natural History, 23, 71-79
page(s): 72 [details]
additional source
Ates, R. M. L. (1997). Gastropods carrying actinians. Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Coelenterate Biology, 11-20
page(s): 12, 13, 16 [details]
additional source
Grebelny, S. D. (1980). The northern representatives of the genus Hormathia (Hormathiidae, Actinaria). Explorations of the Fauna of the Seas, 25 On the progress in taxonomy of marine invertebrates(33): 12-28
page(s): 12-28 [details]
additional source
Grebelny, S. D. (1980). Distribution of the Actiniae in the Arctic. Zoological Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Leningrad and Murmamsk., pp. 20-33
page(s): 20, 24-30 [details]
additional source
Haddon, A. C. (1898). The Actiniaria of Torres Straits. Scientific Transactions of the Royal Dublin Society, 6, 2, 393-520
page(s): 459 [details]
additional source
Riemann-Zürneck, K. (1973). Actiniaria des Südwestatlantik I. Hormathiidae. Helgoländer Wissenschaftliche Meeresuntersuchungen, 25, 273-325
page(s): 273, 322 [details]
additional source
Collings, D. W. (1938). The Actiniaria of Suffolk (sea-anemones). Transactions of the Suffolk Naturalists' Society, IV, 25-28
page(s): 27 [details]
additional source
Stephenson, T. A. (1928). The British Sea Anemones. Volume I. The Ray Society. London., volume 1, pp. 148.
page(s): 111 [details]
additional source
Grebelny, S. D. (1982). Symmetriya aktinei i ee znachenie dlya klassifikatsii Anthozoa [Symmetry of actinians and its significance for the classification of Anthozoa]. Akademiya Nauk SSSR [Academy of Sciences of the USSR]. Vladivostok., pp. 101-123
page(s): 104 [details]
additional source
den Hartog, J. C. (1986). The Queen Scallop, Chlamys opercularis (L., 1758) (Bivalvia, Pectinidae), as a food item of the sea anemone Urticina eques (Gosse, 1860) (Actiniaria, Actiniidae). Basteria, 50, 87-92
page(s): 87 [details]
additional source
Ates, R. M. L. (1998). Observations on the symbiosis between Colus gracilis (Da Costa, 1778) (Mollusca: Gastropoda) and Hormathia digitata (O.F. Müller, 1776) (Cnidaria: Actiniaria). Zoologische Verhandelingen, 323, 257-262
page(s): 257-261 [details]
additional source
Pei, Z. (1998). Coelenterata Actiniaria Ceriantharia Zoanthidea. Science Press. Beijing., pp. 286.
page(s): 162, 230 [details]
additional source
Uchida, H.; Soyama, I. (2001). Sea Anemones in Japanese Waters. TBS. Japan., pp. 157.
page(s): 32, 151, 153 [details]
additional source
Carlgren, O. (1945). Polypdyr (Coelenterata) III. Koraldyr. Danmarks Fauna Udgivet af Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening, 51, 3-167
page(s): 127-128, 157 [details]
additional source
Fautin, D. G. (1998). Class Anthozoa: Orders Actiniaria, Ceriantharia, and Zoantharia. Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History. Santa Barbara., chapter 3, volume 3, pp. 113-139
page(s): 118-119 [details]
additional source
Ates, R. M. L. (1997). Bloemdieren: De Zeeanemonen En Hun Verwanten Van De Nederlandse Kust. C. Moerman. Zeeanjer., pp. 31.
page(s): 27 [details]
additional source
Zhiubikas, I. I. (1977). Some species of actinians of the western region of the Barents Sea and Franz Josef Land. Academy of Sciences of the U.S.S.R. Zoological Institute. St. Petersburg., volume Explorations of the fauna of the seas XIV (XXII), pp. 106-125
page(s): 117-120 [details]
additional source
Fautin, D. G.; Daly, M.; Cappola, V. A. (2005). Sea anemones (Cnidaria: Actiniaria) of the Faroe Islands: a preliminary list and biogeographic context. Annales Societatis Scientiarum Færoensis, 41, 77-87
page(s): 78, 81, 82 [details]
additional source
Jonsson, L. G.; Nilsson, P. G.; Floruta, F.; Lundälv, T. (2004). Distributional patterns of macro- and megafauna associated with a reef of the cold-water coral Lophelia pertusa on the Swedish west coast. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 284, 163-171
page(s): 166 [details]
additional source
Grebelny, S. D. (1986). Class Anthozoa, subclass Hexacorallia -- hexameral corals, orders Actiniaria and Ptychodactiaria [in Russian]. Akademia Nauk, USSR. Apatity, pp. 87-91
page(s): 90 [details]
additional source
Grebel'nyi, S. D. (2001). Hexacorallia. Explorations of the Fauna of the Seas, 51(59): 36-38
page(s): 37 [details]
additional source
Goodwill, R. H.; Fautin, D. G.; Furey, J.; Daly, M. (2009). A sea anemone symbiotic with gastropods of eight species in the Mariana Islands. Micronesica, 41(1): 117-130
page(s): 127 [details]
additional source
Ross, D. M.; Kikuchi, T. (1976). Some symbiotic associations between anemones and gastropods in Japan. Publications from the Amakusa Marine Biological Laboratory, 4(1): 41-50
page(s): 41 [details]
additional source
Mercier, A.; Hamel, J. (2008). Nature and role of newly described symbiotic associations between a sea anemone and gastropods at bathyal depths in the NW Atlantic. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 358, 57-69
page(s): 65, 67 [details]
additional source
Carlgren, O. (1942). Actiniaria Part II. Danish Ingolf-Expedition, 5, 12, 1-92
page(s): 44-46 [details]
additional source
Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS). , available online at http://www.itis.gov [details]
additional source
Fautin, Daphne G. (2013). Hexacorallians of the World. (look up in IMIS) [details]
additional source
Howson, C.M. & B.E. Picton. (1997). The species directory of the marine fauna and flora of the British Isles and surrounding seas. <em>Ulster Museum Publication, 276. The Ulster Museum: Belfast, UK. ISBN 0-948150-06-8.</em> vi, 508 (+ cd-rom) pp. (look up in IMIS) [details] Available for editors  [request]
Unreviewed
Distribution Newfoundland to the Gulf of Maine [details]
Habitat shelf to slope [details]
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Present 
