Ecology of bottom biocoenoses in the Possjet bay (the Sea of Japan) and the peculiarities of their distribution in connection with physical and chemical conditions of the habitat
Golikov, A.N.; Scarlato, O.A. (1967). Ecology of bottom biocoenoses in the Possjet bay (the Sea of Japan) and the peculiarities of their distribution in connection with physical and chemical conditions of the habitat. Helgol. Wiss. Meeresunters. 15(1-4): 193-201. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01618623
Kinne, O.; Aurich, H. (Ed.) (1967). Vorträge und Diskussionen. Erstes Europäisches Symposion über Meeresbiologie = Papers and discussions. First European Symposium on Marine Biology = Rapports et discussions. Premier symposium européen sur biologie marine. European Marine Biology Symposia, 1. Helgoländer Wissenschaftliche Meeresuntersuchungen, 15(1-4). 669 pp., more
1. By employing autonomous diving techniques, direct observations on the biocoenoses of the upper marine zones were carried out. The population of each biotope was studied quantitatively in areas from 100 m2 to 1/10 or 1/100 m2 depending on size and density of the organisms studied.2. The quality and quantity of bottom organisms depend not only on the nature of the ground, other physico-chemical environmental factors or the quantity of food available, but also on the ldquobiocoenotic backgroundrdquo, i. e. conditions created by aggregations of certain species whose presence create additional, new niches.3. In estuaries and lagoons, salinity greatly affects biocoenosis composition. The effect of salinity changes increases from phytal and epifauna to infauna elements, a fact which may be associated with the relatively higher salinity inside the bottom substratum.4. The most highly effective force in determining distribution, composition and biogeographical structure of biocoenoses is the water temperature (absolute values as well as fluctuations).5. In half-closed areas of bays the patchiness of biocoenoses tends to increase and the territories occupied become smaller. These changes may be associated with (a) higher fluctuations of physico-chemical conditions, (b) their increased variety and (c) accelerated succession.6. There is the closest connection between the distribution of organisms and the position of the layers of definite water masses in the system of vertical marine zones. In the Bay of Possjet the low border of the particular vertical zone lies at a depth of 5 m (0 to 5 m); its location is determined by the position of the upper layer of the surface Japanese marine water mass.7. When carrying out biogeographical studies, in addition to comparing similar vertical zones, one should consider bionomically similar areas.
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