Comparative osteology of the North Sea flatfishes (Teleostei; Pleuronectiformes)
Dierickx, K.; Wouters, W. (2025). Comparative osteology of the North Sea flatfishes (Teleostei; Pleuronectiformes). Cybium 49(1): 29-64. https://dx.doi.org/10.26028/cybium/2025-001
The identification of flatfish remains in archaeozoological studies has often been limited to higher taxonomic levels or species groups. Bones from disarticulated skeletons of eleven main commercial species of flatfish present in the North Sea were compared to define diagnostic criteria allowing species identification. Out of the thirty-four studied skeletal elements often recovered in archaeological assemblages, ten proved to be very reliable for genus and species identification and often allowed the distinction between right-eyed and left-eyed flounder. Fourteen elements have sufficient characteristics to differentiate all higher taxa but not all the genera and species. The remaining ten elements did not possess clear features to distinguish the different taxa. The diagnostic details of each element are summarised and illustrated, leading to a clear identification guide for this particular group of fishes. More precise species identifications can provide better insight in the zoogeographical distribution of flatfish and will be useful in detecting socio-economic and cultural changes throughout history.
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